1. Deta ya Katundu Womwe Alipo

Mawonekedwe: Ufa

Kuchulukana: (g/mL pa 25°C):3.5

2. Deta ya Kapangidwe ka Mamolekyu

Kapangidwe ka mankhwala a diamondi ndi C, ndipo graphite ndi yofanana ndi mtundu wa carbon homogenous polymorphic. Mu kapangidwe ka mankhwala a mineral, nthawi zonse imakhala ndi Si, Mg, Al, Ca, Mn, Ni ndi zinthu zina, ndipo nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi Na, B, Cu, Fe, Co, Cr, Ti, N ndi zinthu zina zodetsa, komanso chakudya.

Kapangidwe ka kristalo ka mchere wa diamondi ndi ka kapangidwe ka tetrahedral ka isoaxial crystal system. Maatomu a kaboni ali pamwamba pa ngodya ndi pakati pa tetrahedron, yomwe ili ndi kusinthasintha kwakukulu. Maatomu a kaboni mu unit cell amalumikizidwa ndi ma homopolar bonds pa mtunda wa 154pm. Mawonekedwe ofanana a kristalo ndi octahedron, rhomboid dodecahedron, cube, tetrahedron ndi hexahedron, ndi zina zotero.

Filimu ya diamondi ya kristalo ndi mtundu wa kapangidwe kopangidwa ndi zinthu zatsopano zogwirira ntchito, imapangidwa ndi diamondi yaying'ono ya kristalo, kuuma kwambiri, kukangana kochepa, kutentha kwambiri (kasanu) kwa mkuwa, coefficient yotsika yokulitsa, kukana kutentha kwambiri, kukana dzimbiri bwino, mphamvu yabwino yotetezera magetsi, gulu lonse, kutumiza kwambiri komanso magwiridwe antchito apamwamba a electron refractive index composite. Chogulitsachi si poizoni.

Mtundu wa diamondi umadalira kuchuluka kwa kuyera, mtundu ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu zodetsedwa zomwe zili mkati mwake. diamondi yoyera kwambiri ndi yopanda mtundu, nthawi zambiri imawonetsa madigiri osiyanasiyana achikasu, bulauni, imvi, wobiriwira, buluu, woyera ngati mkaka ndi wofiirira, ndi zina zotero. Yowala kapena yosawoneka bwino yokhala ndi zodetsa; Pansi pa cathode ray, X ray ndi ultraviolet ray, imatulutsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya fluorescence yobiriwira, buluu wakumwamba, wofiirira, wachikasu-wobiriwira ndi mitundu ina; Padzuwa pambuyo pokumana ndi tsitsi lakuda la chipinda chamdima phosphorescence yowala yabuluu; Adamantine luster, luster yamafuta ochepa kapena yachitsulo, yokhala ndi refractive index yayikulu, nthawi zambiri 2.40-2.48.

Kapangidwe ka mankhwala a diamondi ndi kokhazikika, ndi kukana kwa asidi ndi alkali, kutentha kwakukulu sikukhudzana ndi HF, HCl, HNO3 yokhazikika, kokha mu thupi losungunuka la Na2CO3, NaNO3, KNO3, kapena kuwiritsa ndi chisakanizo cha K2Cr2O7 ndi H2SO4, pamwamba pake padzakhala okosijeni pang'ono; Kutupa mu mpweya wotentha kwambiri wa O, CO2, H, Cl, H2O, CH4.

Daimondi yopangira zobowola za geological ndi mafuta obowola, daimondi yopangira zojambula, daimondi yopangira zokowera, daimondi yopangira chosungira, daimondi yopangira galasi, daimondi yopangira zoyezera kuuma, daimondi yopangira zaluso ndi zaluso.

Daimondi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga filimu ya diamondi pa chitsulo, pulasitiki, galasi ndi zipangizo zina. Monga zida za semiconductor ndi semiconductor, kukana kutentha kwa sinki, ndi kutchinjiriza magetsi.

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Kukhazikika kwakukulu kwa kutentha ndi mankhwala

Mphamvu yopondereza kwambiri, kutentha bwino, kukana dzimbiri mwamphamvu, kutentha kochepa.

Kuuma kwambiri komanso kukana kuvala bwino

Kutentha kwambiri komanso kutchinjiriza bwino magetsi

Kutumiza kwabwino kwambiri kwa kuwala