1. Imininingwane Yendawo Ebonakalayo
Ukuma: Impuphu
Ubuningi: (g/mL ku-25°C):3.5
2. Idatha Yesakhiwo Sama-Molecular
Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kwedayimane kungu-C, kanti i-graphite ifana ne-carbon homogenous polymorphic variant. Ekwakhekeni kwamakhemikhali amaminerali, ihlala iqukethe i-Si, i-Mg, i-Al, i-Ca, i-Mn, i-Ni nezinye izakhi, futhi ivame ukuqukethe i-Na, i-B, i-Cu, i-Fe, i-Co, i-Cr, i-Ti, i-N kanye nokunye ukungcola, kanye nama-carbohydrate.
Isakhiwo sekristalu samaminerali edayimane singesesakhiwo se-tetrahedral sohlelo lwekristalu lwe-isoaxial. Ama-athomu ekhabhoni atholakala ekhoneni kanye nasenkabeni ye-tetrahedron, enokulingana okuphezulu. Ama-athomu ekhabhoni kuseli leyunithi axhunywe ngamabhondi e-homopolar ebangeni elingama-154pm. Izimo ezivamile zekristalu yi-octahedron, i-rhomboid dodecahedron, i-cube, i-tetrahedron kanye ne-hexahedron, njll.
3. Izakhiwo kanye Nokuzinza
Ifilimu yekristalu yedayimane uhlobo lokwenziwa kwezinto ezintsha ezisebenzayo, yakhiwe ngedayimane yekristalu encane, ubulukhuni obuphezulu, ukungqubuzana okuphansi, ukuhanjiswa kokushisa okuphezulu (izikhathi ezi-5) zethusi, i-coefficient ephansi yokunwetshwa, ukumelana nokushaqeka okuphezulu kokushisa, ukumelana okuhle kokugqwala, amandla amahle okuvikela kagesi, ibhendi ebanzi, ukudluliselwa okuphezulu kanye nokusebenza okuphezulu kwe-electron refractive index composite. Lo mkhiqizo awunobuthi.
.Umbala wedayimane uncike ezingeni lobumsulwa, uhlobo kanye nokuqukethwe kwezinto ezingcolile ezikuyo. Idayimane elimsulwa kakhulu alinawo umbala, ngokuvamile libonisa amazinga ahlukene aphuzi, onsundu, ompunga, oluhlaza okotshani, oluhlaza okotshani, omhlophe okobisi kanye nonsomi, njll. Likhanya noma alibonakali kahle linokungcola; Ngaphansi kwemisebe ye-cathode, imisebe ye-X kanye nemisebe ye-ultraviolet, lizokhipha imibala ehlukene eluhlaza okotshani, eluhlaza okotshani, onsomi, ophuzi-oluhlaza okotshani kanye neminye imibala ye-fluorescence; Elangeni ngemva kokuchayeka ezinweleni ezimnyama zegumbi elimnyama i-phosphorescence eluhlaza okotshani; i-Adamantine luster, ukukhanya okunamafutha noma kwensimbi okumbalwa, okunenkomba ephezulu yokubona, ngokuvamile okungu-2.40-2.48.
Izakhiwo zamakhemikhali edayimane zizinzile, ngokumelana ne-asidi ne-alkali, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu alihlangani ne-HF egxilile, i-HCl, i-HNO3, kuphela emzimbeni oncibilikisiwe we-Na2CO3, i-NaNO3, i-KNO3, noma ubilise ngengxube ye-K2Cr2O7 ne-H2SO4, ubuso buzoncibilikiswa kancane; Ukugqwala ku-O, CO, CO2, H, Cl, H2O, CH4 igesi lokushisa eliphezulu.
Izicelo
.Idayimane lokubhoboza i-geological kanye nokubhoboza i-petroleum, idayimane lokudweba idayisi, idayimane lokubhula, idayimane lokugqoka i-dresser, idayimane lokusika ingilazi, idayimane lokulinganisa ubulukhuni, idayimane lobuciko kanye nemisebenzi yezandla.
Idayimane isetshenziselwa ukwakha ifilimu yedayimane ensimbi, epulasitiki, engilazini nakwezinye izinto. Njengemishini ye-semiconductor kanye ne-semiconductor, ukumelana nokushisa kwesinki, ungqimba lokuvikela ugesi.
.Ukucubungula ingilazi, i-PCD/PCBN, amathuluzi amazinyo kanye namathuluzi okupholisha amatshe
.Ukwakha izinto ezingezona i-ferrous njenge-tungsten carbide, ingilazi kanye nezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-ceramics
Ukucubungula amatshe, imboni yokwakha, yokusaha, ukugaya nokubhoboza amatshe, i-asphalt kanye nokhonkolo...