Ke Hobane'ng ha Taemane e na le Motlakase o Ikhethang oa Mocheso?
Lisebelisoa tsa Taemane Heat Sink: Bokamoso ba Tsamaiso ea Thermal bakeng sa Lisebelisoa tsa Elektroniki tse Matla a Phahameng
Ha disebediswa tsa elektroniki di ntse di tswela pele ho ba tse nyane, tse potlakileng le tse matla haholoanyane, taolo ya mocheso e fetohile e nngwe ya diphephetso tse kgolo tse tobaneng le diindasteri tsa sejwalejwale. Ho tloha ho di-semiconductor tse nang le matla a maholo le ditsamaiso tsa puisano tsa 5G ho ya ho dikoloi tsa motlakase, di-electronic tsa sefofane, le ditsi tsa dikhomphutha tsa AI, keketseho ya bongata ba matla e hlahisa mocheso o moholo o ka amang tshebetso le botshepehi ba sesebediswa haholo.
Lisebelisoa tsa taolo ea mocheso tsa setso li ntse li fihla meeling ea tsona butle-butle. Ka lebaka leo, bafuputsi le bahlahisi ba batla ka mafolofolo lisebelisoa tsa ho qhala mocheso tsa moloko o latelang tse nang le motlakase o phahameng, katoloso e tlase ea mocheso le litšobotsi tse bobebe.
Har'a thepa eohle e tsebahalang, taemane e hlahella e le e 'ngoe ea litharollo tse tšepisang ka ho fetisisa tsa taolo ea mocheso.
Ke Hobane'ng ha ho Hlakola ha Mocheso ka Botlalo ho le Bohlokoa Hakaale?
Tsoelo-pele e tsoelang pele ea theknoloji ea semiconductor e lebisitse ho bongata bo phahameng ba kopanyo le keketseho ea phallo ea mocheso ka har'a lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki. Mocheso o feteletseng o ka baka:
- Ho fokotseha ha bokgoni ba sesebediswa
- Nako ea bophelo ea karolo e khutsufalitsoeng
- Khatello ea mocheso le tšenyo ea sebopeho
- Sekhahla sa ho hloleha ha sistimi se eketsehile
Ho rarolla mathata ana, indasteri hangata e sebelisa litharollo tse kang:
- Maqephe a graphite
- Lisebelisoa tsa graphene
- Lisebelisoa tsa sebopeho sa mocheso (TIMs)
- Liphaephe tsa mocheso
- Likamore tsa mouoane
- Metswako e tsoetseng pele ea matrix ea tšepe
Leha mahlale ana a fana ka melemo e itseng, a mangata a thatafalloa ho fihlela litlhoko tse ntseng li hola tsa lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tse matla haholo tsa moloko o latelang, haholo-holo moo ho hlokahalang meralo e mesesaane haholo, meaho e bobebe, le bokhoni bo feteletseng ba ho tlosa mocheso.
Sena se susumelitse thahasello e kholo ho thepa e tsoetseng pele ea mocheso e thehiloeng khaboneng, haholo-holo taemane.
Taemane: E 'ngoe ea Lisebelisoa tse Tsamaisang Mocheso ka ho Fetisisa Lefatšeng
Taemane e tsebahala haholo e le thepa ea tlhaho e tsebahalang ka ho fetisisa, empa ho tsamaisoa ha eona ke mocheso hoa makatsa ka ho tšoanang.
Ha e le hantle, taemane ea boleng bo holimo e ka bontša boleng ba ho tsamaisa mocheso bo phahameng ka makhetlo a mahlano ho feta koporo, e leng se etsang hore e be e 'ngoe ea thepa e sebetsang ka ho fetisisa ea ho tsamaisa mocheso e fumanehang.
Ho fapana le ditshipi, tse fetisang mocheso haholo-holo ka dielektrone tse lokolohileng, taemane e fetisetsa mocheso ka ho thothomela ha lattice ho tsejwang ka hore ke di-phonon.
Ka lebaka la sebopeho sa eona se ikhethang sa kristale, taemane e fana ka:
- Ho khanna mocheso ho phahameng haholo
- Koefficient e tlase haholo ea katoloso ea mocheso
- Ho thibela motlakase hantle haholo
- Matla a phahameng a dielectric
- Botsitso bo ikhethang ba lik'hemik'hale
- Matla a ikhethang a mechini
Matlotlo ana a etsa hore taemane e be thepa e loketseng bakeng sa li-heat spreader tse tsoetseng pele, li-substrate tsa semiconductor, litsamaiso tsa laser, le lits'ebetso tsa ho paka tsa elektroniki tse matla haholo.
Ho Tsamaisa Mocheso oa Mefuta e Fapaneng ea Taemane
Hase litaemane tsohle tse nang le ts'ebetso e tšoanang ea mocheso. Ho tsamaisoa ha mocheso ho susumetsoa haholo ke bohloeki ba kristale, ho teteana ha sekoli, ho teteana ha litšila le sebopeho sa kristale.
Taemane ka kakaretso e arotsoe ka mekhahlelo e 'maloa, ho kenyeletsoa:
- Mofuta oa Ia
- Mofuta oa Ib
- Mofuta oa IIa
- Mofuta oa IIb
Har'a tsona, taemane ea Mofuta oa IIa e nkoa e le mofuta o hloekileng ka ho fetisisa, e nang le likhakanyo tse tlase haholo tsa litšila tsa naetrojene le boron. Ka lebaka leo, e bontša ho khanna ha mocheso ho phahameng ka ho fetisisa.
Litekanyetso tse tloaelehileng tsa conductivity ea mocheso li kenyelletsa:
| Mofuta oa Taemane | Ho tsamaisa mocheso mochesong oa kamore (W/m·K) |
| Mofuta oa Ia | 600–1000 |
| Mofuta oa IIa | 2000–2200 |
| Taemane ea CVD e Hloekileng Haholo | Ho fihlela ho 2200+ |
Bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsa taolo ea mocheso, taemane ea mofuta oa IIa ea kristale e le 'ngoe le taemane ea boleng bo holimo ea CVD polycrystalline ke lisebelisoa tse sebelisoang haholo.
Taemane e Tsamaisa Mocheso Joang?
Sephiri se ka sebopehong sa athomo sa taemane.
Taemane e na le lera la kristale ea likhubu moo athomo e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ea carbon e hokahanngoang le liathomo tse 'ne tsa carbon tse haufi ka litlamo tse matla tsa sp³ covalent, tse etsang sebopeho se tsitsitseng sa tetrahedral.
Ka lebaka la hore dielektrone tsohle tsa valence di tlamilwe ka thata ka hara ditlamo tsena tsa covalent, taemane ha e na dielektrone tse lokolohileng mme ka hona e sebetsa e le insulator ya motlakase.
Leha ho le jwalo, ho tsamaisa mocheso ka taemane ho sebetsa hantle haholo.
Phetiso ea Mocheso ka Lifonone
Taemaneng, matla a mocheso a tsamaisoa haholo-holo ke li-phonon—ho thothomela ha liathomo ka har'a lekhoakhoa la kristale.
Bokgoni ba phetisetso ya mocheso bo itshetlehile hodima tsela e mahareng ya phonon e lokolohileng, e emelang sebaka seo di-phonon di ka se tsamayang pele di hasanngwa.
Mabaka a fokotsang conductivity ea mocheso a kenyelletsa:
- Litšila tsa naetrojene
- Masalla a tšepe a catalyst
- Liphoso tsa kristale
- Ho falla ha litho
- Meeli ea lijo-thollo
- Mapetso a manyane
- Ho sotha ha lerako
Ha di-phonen di thulana le diphoso tsena, motsamao wa tsona o a sitiswa, e leng se fokotsang bokgoni ba phetisetso ya mocheso.
Ka hona, ha kristale ea taemane e hloekile ebile e phethahetse haholoanyane ka sebopeho, ho khanna ha eona mocheso ho phahama. Sena se hlalosa hore na ke hobane'ng ha taemane ea Type IIa le taemane ea CVD ea boleng bo holimo li bontša ts'ebetso e phahameng ea mocheso ha li bapisoa le mefuta e meng ea taemane.
Melemo ea Li-spreader tsa Taemane tsa Mocheso
Ha ho bapisoa le thepa ea setso ea taolo ea mocheso, li-spreader tsa mocheso oa taemane li fana ka melemo e 'maloa ea bohlokoa:
Ho khanna ha Thermal ho Phahameng ka ho Fetisisa
Ho tlosa mocheso ka potlako ho thusa ho boloka mocheso o tsitsitseng oa ts'ebetso esita le tlas'a matla a feteletseng a motlakase.
Katoloso e Tlase ea Thermal
Tekanyo e lekanang ya katoloso ya mocheso ya daemane ke hoo e ka bang 0.8 × 10⁻⁶/K, e tsamaellanang haufi-ufi le disebediswa tse ngata tsa semiconductor mme e fokotsa kgatello ya mocheso.
Ho kenya motlakase
Ho fapana le koporo kapa aluminium, taemane e fana ka phallo e ntle ea mocheso ntle le ho beha motlakase kotsing.
Moralo o bobebe
Taemane e nolofalletsa ditharollo tse tshesane le tse bobebe tsa taolo ya mocheso bakeng sa disebediswa tse nyane tsa elektroniki.
Tšepo ea Nako e Telele
Ho se sebetse hantle ha daemane ka lik'hemik'hale le thepa e ikhethang ea mechini li tlatsetsa ho tšoarelleng hamonate tlas'a maemo a thata a ts'ebetso.
Litšebeliso tsa Taemane e Phahameng ea ho Tsamaisa Mocheso
Ha mahlale a tlhahiso a ntse a tswela pele, thepa ya ho qhala mocheso wa taemane e ntse e sebediswa haholo ho:
Lisebelisoa tsa Semiconductor
- Lisebelisoa tsa motlakase tsa GaN
- Di-module tsa matla tsa SiC
- Lisebelisoa tsa RF tse nang le maqhubu a phahameng
- Mahlale a tsoetseng pele a ho paka
Mekhoa ea Laser
- Li-diode tsa laser tse matla haholo
- Li-laser tsa boemo bo tiileng
- Lisebelisoa tsa laser tsa indasteri
Lisebelisoa tsa Elektroniki tsa Sefofane
- Mekhoa ea puisano ea sathelaete
- Li-module tsa radar
- Lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tse nang le mocheso o phahameng
Bohlale ba Maiketsetso le Litsi tsa Lintlha
- Li-accelerator tsa AI
- Li-processor tse sebetsang hantle
- Li-platform tse tsoetseng pele tsa k'homphieutha
Lisebelisoa tsa Optical le Photonic
- Likarolo tse nepahetseng tsa mahlo
- Litsamaiso tsa LED tse matla haholo
- Lipotoloho tse kopantsoeng tsa Photonic
Litsebi tsa indasteri li nka taemane haholo e le e 'ngoe ea lisebelisoa tsa tsamaiso ea mocheso tse tšepisang ka ho fetisisa molokong o latelang bakeng sa theknoloji e tsoetseng pele ea elektroniki le ea semiconductor.
Bokamoso ba Theknoloji ea Taolo ea Mocheso oa Taemane
Ha matla a motlakase a ntse a eketseha ho pholletsa le indasteri ea li-semiconductor, likhokahano tsa mohala, likoloi le lifofane, tlhoko ea litharollo tse tsoetseng pele tsa mocheso e tla eketseha feela.
Ka ntlafatso e tswelang pele mahlaleng a tlhahiso ya taemane a HPHT le CVD, thepa ya taemane e tsamaisang mocheso e ntse e fumaneha habonolo ebile e theko e tlase ho feta leha e le neng pele.
Ho tloha ho diphutheloana tsa semiconductor ho isa ho dikhomphutha tsa AI le ditsamaiso tsa sefofane, taemane e fetoha ho tloha ho thepa e ikgethang ho ya ho sesebediswa sa bohlokwa sa elektroniki sa moloko o latelang.
Motsoako oa eona o sa bapisoeng oa ho tsamaisa mocheso, ho thibela motlakase, katoloso e tlase ea mocheso, le ho tšoarella ha mechini ho beha taemane e le e 'ngoe ea lisebelisoa tsa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa tsa taolo ea mocheso bakeng sa bokamoso.