He Nānā Hohonu i ka Polycrystalline Diamond: Nā Waiwai, Synthesis, a me nā Noi

He mea kupaianaha ka daimana Polycrystalline (PCD) e hoʻohui ana i ka paʻakikī kupaianaha a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana o ka daimana kristal hoʻokahi me nā pono i hoʻohui ʻia o ka anisotropy i hoʻonui ʻia a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka hopena, e like me nā mea carbide. ʻO kēia mau waiwai e kūpono loa ai ka PCD no nā ʻano noi koi like ʻole, me ka unuhi ʻaila a me ke kinoea, ka ʻimi lanahu a me ka geological, a me ka hana mechanical.

Nā Kumu o ka Diamond Polycrystalline

Hoʻohālikelike pinepine ʻia ka daimana polycrystalline me ka daimana kristal hoʻokahi kūlohelohe, ka mea i ʻike ʻia no kona mau waiwai kūikawā. Ma ke ʻano, ʻo kekahi ʻano daimana laha ʻole, i ʻike ʻia ʻo kalaponaa i ʻole daimana ʻeleʻele, ua ʻike ʻia. ʻAʻole e like me nā daimana kristal hoʻokahi, ʻo ka carbonado kahi mea polycrystalline i haku ʻia me nā kristal daimana liʻiliʻi he nui, i hui pū ʻia me nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o nā haumia. ʻO kēia ʻano kū hoʻokahi, me kona nele i nā mokulele cleavage, e hopena i ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe, ka ikaika, a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka ʻaʻahu, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā daimana kristal hoʻokahi kuʻuna.

Nā Hana Hana o ka Diamond Polycrystalline

ʻO ka hana ʻana o ka daimana polycrystalline e pono ai nā ʻano hana holomua like ʻole, e hāʻawi ana kēlā me kēia i nā pono kikoʻī a me nā pilikia ma muli o ka noi i manaʻo ʻia.

1. Hoʻohuihui Pahū:
   Ma kēia ʻano hana, hoʻohana ʻia nā ipu kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe e hoʻohana i ka wela nui a me ka ikehu kinetic i hana ʻia e nā pahū ʻana. Hoʻopilikia ka ikaika hopena i nā pepa metala ma luna o nā pepa graphite, e hana ana i kahi ʻano wela kiʻekiʻe a me ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe e hoʻololi i ka graphite i ka diamond polycrystalline micro-powder. ʻOiai he wikiwiki a kūpono hoʻi ke kumukūʻai o kēia ʻano hana, hopena ia i nā polycrystals liʻiliʻi a ʻano ʻole, e kaupalena ana i kona hoʻohana ʻana i ka PCD abrasive-grade kahi ʻaʻole ʻo ka pololei ke kumu nui.
2. Hoʻokahe ʻana o ka mahu kemika haʻahaʻa-kaomi (CVD):
   Hoʻokomo ke kaʻina hana CVD haʻahaʻa i nā kinoea i loaʻa ke kalapona i loko o kahi keʻena hopena ma lalo o nā kūlana o ka emi ma mua o 1 lewa o ke kaomi. Ma o kahi moʻo o nā hopena kemika, ua waiho ʻia nā ʻātoma kalapona mai nā mea kinoea ma luna o ka ʻili o kahi substrate ma ke ʻano o nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni daimana polycrystalline. Hoʻopuka kēia ʻano hana i nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni paʻa loa me nā waiwai thermal maikaʻi loa a me ka hiki ke hoʻokomo i nā mea doping no nā noi kūikawā i nā mea uila a me nā optics. Eia nō naʻe, pilikia ʻo CVD i nā manawa synthesis lōʻihi a me ka huahana haʻahaʻa, kahi e hōʻike ai i nā pilikia no ka hana nui.
3. Hoʻololi Pololei:
   ʻO kēia ʻano hana holomua e pili ana i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka micro-powder graphite maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe i ka daimana polycrystalline ma ke kau ʻana iā ia i ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe loa (ma luna o 2000°C a me 13 GPa). Loaʻa i nā daimana hopena nā ʻano hana e like me nā daimana maoli. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo nā koi ikehu kiʻekiʻe a me nā kūlana paʻakikī e hoʻolilo i kēia kaʻina hana i mea pipiʻi a kūpono ʻole no ka hoʻohana ʻoihana, e hoʻohuli ana iā ia i nā hoʻonohonoho hoʻokolohua i kēia manawa.
4. Ke ʻAno Hoʻoheheʻe Mahana Kiʻekiʻe (HPHT):
   Ma kēia ʻano hana synthesis, hana ʻia nā hui daimana polycrystalline ma lalo o ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe i kāohi ʻia (5-7 GPa) a me ka mahana (1300-1700°C) me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka pauka graphite, ka pauka micro-diamond, a me nā metala hoʻololi a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea hoʻouluulu alloy. Hāʻawi kēia ʻano hana i kahi pōʻaiapuni synthesis wikiwiki a me nā koi lako haʻahaʻa i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻano hana ʻē aʻe, e kūpono ana no ka hana ʻoihana ma ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa.

Nā ʻano a me nā noi o ka Polycrystalline Diamond

ʻO ke daimana polycrystalline ke kū nei ma muli o kona ʻano kū hoʻokahi. ʻO ka hoʻonohonoho maʻamau o nā kristal daimana pākahi e hana i kahi mea i kūlike loa i kona mau waiwai kino a me ke kemika, e hōʻike ana i ka lōʻihi maikaʻi loa a me ka hana ma nā ʻaoʻao āpau. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻole o nā mokulele cleavage e hāʻawi i ke kūpaʻa hopena maikaʻi loa, e hana ana i ka daimana polycrystalline i ʻoi aku ka paʻa i ka haʻalulu ma mua o nā daimana kristal hoʻokahi nui. ʻO kēia ka mea e koho kūpono ai no nā noi hopena kiʻekiʻe e haki a hōʻino paha i nā kristal hoʻokahi.

Ma muli o kona kumukūʻai hana haʻahaʻa i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā daimana kristal hoʻokahi nui, hiki ke hana ʻia ka daimana polycrystalline i nā ʻano like ʻole e kūpono i nā pono ʻoihana kikoʻī. Mālama ia i ka paʻakikī a me ka ikaika kūikawā, e lilo ia i mea waiwai nui no nā ʻano hana like ʻole, e like me:

• Nā Mea Hana ʻEli a me nā Mea ʻOki ʻOihana:Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka daimana polycrystalline i ka hana ʻana i nā mea ʻoki a me ka wili hana kiʻekiʻe, ʻoiai no nā mea paʻakikī e like me ka pōhaku, ka sima, a me nā metala paʻakikī.
• Ka ʻImi ʻAila a me ke Kinoea:ʻO kona kūpaʻa i ka ʻaʻahu a me ka hopena e hoʻolilo ai iā PCD i mea maikaʻi loa no ka ʻeli ʻana a me nā mea hana unuhi i ka ʻoihana aila a me ke kinoea.
• ʻEli a me Geology:Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka PCD i nā lako hana eli no ka ʻeli ʻana i ka pōhaku paʻakikī a me ka ʻimi honua ma muli o kona paʻakikī a me kona lōʻihi.
• Hana Kūpono:I ka hana ʻana a me ka hana ʻana o ka mīkini, hoʻohana ʻia ka daimana polycrystalline i nā mea abrasive e hoʻokō ai i nā hopena kiʻekiʻe.

Hopena

Ua lilo ka daimana Polycrystalline i mea kihi i nā ʻoihana like ʻole, mahalo i kona paʻakikī kūikawā, ikaika, a me ka versatility. ʻO ka hiki ke synthesize i ka PCD me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano hana like ʻole, e like me ka synthesis explosive, ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka mahu kemika, a me nā ʻenehana wela kiʻekiʻe-kaomi kiʻekiʻe, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i kona koʻikoʻi mau i ka hana ʻana i nā mea hana a me nā mīkini holomua. Me kona hui pū ʻana o ka paʻakikī o ka ʻoihana a me ka hana kūpono, e hoʻomau ka daimana polycrystalline i kahi hana koʻikoʻi i nā ʻenehana kuʻuna a me nā ʻenehana e kū mai ana.