Ubumenyi ku bunini bw'uduce tw'ifu ya diyama

Ibikoresho bya diyama, nk'ibikoresho by'ifu igezweho, ntibigaragazwa gusa n'imiterere ya shimi, ahubwo binagaragazwa n'imiterere itandukanye y'ibintu. Ibi birimo ingano y'uduce, imiterere y'uduce, ubuso bwihariye, imiterere y'imyenge, imiterere y'amashanyarazi, ndetse n'ubucucike bw'umubyimba n'uburyo amazi atembera. Muri ibyo, ingano y'uduce ni kimwe mu bipimo by'ingenzi mu Ifu ya diyama gukora no gukoresha.

1. Ingano y'uduce tw'ifu ya Diyama

Uduce twa diyama muri rusange dushobora gushyirwa mu byiciro bikurikira:

• Uduce twa nanometero (1–100 nm)
• Uduce twa submicron (0.1–1 μm)
• Uduce twa mikoroni (1–100 μm)
• Uduce duto cyane (100–1000 μm)

Buri bwoko bw'ingano bukoreshwa mu bikorwa bitandukanye by'inganda, nko gusimbuza neza, gusya, gukata, no kongera imbaraga.

2. Uburyo Busanzwe bwo Gupima Ingano y'Ibice by'Uduce

Hari uburyo bwinshi bukoreshwa cyane mu gupima ingano y'uduce tw'ifu ya diyama:

1. Uburyo bwo Guhindura Imiterere ya Laser(bikoreshwa kuri nano, mikoroni, n'uduce tunini)
2. Umucyo ukwirakwira mu kirere (DLS)(cyane cyane ku bice bito by'ingufu)
3. Isesengura ry'Ishusho Idahinduka kandi Ihindagurika(urutonde rwa mikoroni, kandi rutanga amakuru yerekeye imiterere y'uduce)
4. Uburyo bwo gukurura ibintu mu buryo bw'uburemere n'uburyo bwo gukurura ibintu mu buryo bwa Centrifugal(uduce twa mikoroni na nano)
5. Counter Counter (Uburyo bwo kurwanya amashanyarazi)(uduce duto twa mikoroni)
6. Mikoroskopi ya Electron (SEM/TEM)(isuzuma ry'ibipimo bya nano na micron)
7. Uburyo bwa Ultrasonic(uduce duto twa mikoroni)
8. Uburyo bwo Kwemerera Guhumeka mu Muyaga(urugero rwa mikoroni, ingano mpuzandengo y'uduce)
9. Isesengura ry'urusenda(ubusanzwe ku duce tunini kurusha 38 μm)

Muri ibi, uburyo bukunze gukoreshwa cyane mu gutunganya Boreas ni isesengura ry'urusobe rw'amajwi hakoreshejwe laser, gukwirakwiza urumuri rudasanzwe, na isesengura ry'ishusho ry'amashusho akoresha ikoranabuhanga rya optique/microscope.

3. D50 (Ingano y'uduce tw'ubugari) ni iki?

D50yerekeza ku murambararo w'uduce aho 50% by'ingano y'uduce duhuriweho bigerwaho. Bizwi kandi nka ingano y'agace k'ubugari.

Urugero, niba icyitegererezo gifite D50 = 5 μm, bivuze:

• 50% by'uduce duto duto cyane kurusha 5 μm
• 50% by'uduce duto cyane kurusha 5 μm

D50 ni kimwe mu bimenyetso by'ingenzi kandi bikoreshwa cyane mu gukora no gukoresha ifu ya diyama, kandi ikunze gukoreshwa mu kugaragaza ingano mpuzandengo y'uduce dutoby'ibikoresho.

4. D97 (Ikimenyetso cy'uduce duto) ni iki?

D97yerekeza ku bunini bw'uduce aho 97% by'ikwirakwizwa ry'ibice biteranijwe bigerwaho.

Ibi bivuze:

• 97% by'uduce duto ni duto kurusha D97
• 3% by'uduce duto duto kurusha D97

D97 ikunze gukoreshwa mu gusuzuma gukwirakwiza ibintu mu buryo buciriritsey'ifu ya diyama. Mu nganda, bamwe mu bakiriya nabo bakeneye D95, D97, cyangwa D98kugenzura neza niba hari uduce duto cyane.

5. Ibipimo by'ingenzi mu isesengura ry'ingano y'uduce

Ingano yuzuye y'ibice ikwirakwizwa muri rusange ikubiyemo ibi bikurikira:

• Impuzandengo (Ingano mpuzandengo y'uduce duto):Ingano rusange y'impuzandengo ya sisitemu
• Igipimo cyo hagati (D50):Agaciro ko hagati k'ikwirakwizwa ry'uduce
• Uburyo (Ingano y'agahebuzo):Ingano y'uduce dufite frequency yo hejuru cyane
• D10:Ingano y'uduce tw'ibice aho 10% by'ikwirakwizwa ry'ibice biteranijwe bigerwaho
• D50:Ingano y'uduce tw'ibice aho 50% by'ikwirakwizwa ry'ibice biteranijwe bigerwaho
• D90:Ingano y'uduce tw'ibice aho 90% by'ikwirakwizwa ry'ibice biteranijwe bigerwaho

Ibi bipimo hamwe bitanga ubumenyi bwuzuye ku bugari bw'ibice, uburinganire, n'uburyo ibintu bihora bihinduka.

6. Ishusho y'ikwirakwizwa ry'ingano y'uduce (D10 / D50 / D90)

Mu murongo usanzwe w’ingano y’uduce duto:

• D10bigaragaza iherezo ryiza ry'ikwirakwizwa
• D50ihagarariye ingingo yo hagati
• D90igaragaza impera ikomeye y'ikwirakwizwa

Isano iri hagati ya D10, D50, na D90 ikoreshwa cyane mu gusuzuma ubwiza bw'ifu ya diyama bungana kandi bugashyirwa mu byiciro.

Isesengura ry'ingano y'uduce ni ikintu cy'ingenzi mu kugenzura ubuziranenge bw'ibicuruzwa by'ifu ya diyama. Gupima no gusobanura neza ibipimo nka D10, D50, na D90 bitanga umusaruro uhoraho mu gutunganya, gusya no gukoresha neza imashini.